王华沛

基本信息Personal Information

教授 博士生导师 硕士生导师

曾获荣誉 : 2018  国家级人才计划(青年项目)
2017  湖北省级人才计划
2012  美国罗格斯大学Richard K. Olsson研究杰出奖
2011  美国Schlanger大洋钻探奖
2008  美国罗格斯大学学术优秀奖
2006  北京大学挑战杯二等奖
2005  北京大学创新奖
2004  北京大学学习优秀奖

性别 : 男

毕业院校 : Rutgers University (美国罗格斯新泽西州立大学)

学历 : 博士研究生结业

学位 : 哲学博士学位

在职信息 : 在职

所在单位 : 地球物理与空间信息学院

入职时间 : 2017年03月01日

学科 : 地球物理学

办公地点 : 西区地勘主楼120

联系方式 : 湖北省武汉市洪山区鲁磨路388号 中国地质大学(武汉) 地球物理与空间信息学院

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个人简介Personal Profile

王华沛教授于2007年获得北京大学固体地球物理系学士学位,本科阶段就开始到中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所从事古地磁学的本科生科研工作,研究方向为古强度分析以及相关仪器研发;博士阶段在美国罗格斯大学,主要研究地球古磁场的强度变化,并且发展了新的实验方法;博士后阶段在麻省理工学院,主要研究工作为陨石、小行星和月球的古磁场演化。王华沛教授主要基于古地磁学和岩石磁学等研究方法,通过创新实验测量和研究手段,来获得古代磁场的准确记录,并以此研究地球与地外行星体的磁场发电机及其内部演化过程,太阳系早期星云中的磁场及其演化过程,以及地球与行星磁场同各个圈层的相互作用等。

王华沛教授的科研成果以6篇第一作者论文【其中包括1Science3Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, USA1Geophysical Research Letters1Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems】,1篇共同第一作者论文1Science Advances,以及7篇合作者论文【其中包括1Science1Science Advances2Earth and Planetary Science Letters;1篇Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta;1篇Palaeogeogr. Palaeoclimatol. Palaeoecol.;1Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors】发表在国际学术期刊上。王华沛教授在做好科学研究工作的同时,也积极参与各种相关科研仪器的研发与制造,并以合作者的身份获得了国家发明专利2项,国家实用新型专利1项。王华沛教授的研究成果及贡献具体总结为以下几个方面:

1)首次准确限定了太阳星云的寿命,并发现了首个行星体核心铁磁流体发电机的启动时间

45.6亿年前,原生分子云向中心聚集,形成了我们的太阳系。在太阳系初期,由于自身旋转,使得太阳周围还聚集着由气体形成的圆盘,这就是太阳星云。随着其中心物质不断被太阳吸积,以及其外部物质不断被太阳风吹走,太阳星云在太阳系形成之后数百万年内便消耗殆尽。由于木星、土星这些巨型气态行星是在太阳星云中所形成的,所以太阳星云的演化直接影响了这些行星的形成和轨道演化过程。而这些巨型的气态行星的轨道位置,又直接决定了水星、金星、地球、火星这些类地行星的形成和命运,所以太阳星云的演化对整个太阳系的架构起着决定性的作用。王华沛教授通过详尽的古磁学方法,尤其是古强度的实验方法,全面地研究了太阳系形成初期钛辉无球粒陨石中的磁场强度记录,发现了在太阳系形成初期380万年时形成的早期钛辉无球粒陨石中所记录的磁场强度近乎于零。因为太阳星云中广泛存在磁场,没有磁场即说明太阳星云已经消逝,所以此研究结果首次准确限定了太阳星云的寿命上限为380万年。这个关键的时间限定对于太阳系初期的行星形成时间和演化过程、以及球粒陨石的生成机制有着决定性的影响。王华沛教授同时发现了在太阳系形成初期1100万年时形成的晚期钛辉无球粒陨石中所记录的古磁场强度为17微特,并以此限定了钛辉无球粒陨石母星体核心磁流体发电机的启动时间,为研究行星体分异机制和演化过程提供了关键的实验数据。王华沛教授通过此项陨石古磁学的实验研究,首次准确限定了太阳星云的寿命,以及发现了首个行星体中磁流体发电机的启动时间,受到了国内外同行的积极评价以及多家新闻媒体的关注报道,并且在2017210日被设为MIT(麻省理工学院)学校主网站首页和MIT News(麻省理工新闻)网站首页。 [Wang et al., 2017, Science, 355, 623-627]

2)通过岩石磁学等新的实验方法为古新世-始新世交界时的彗星撞击地球事件提供了证据支持

王华沛教授首次利用最新的岩石磁学热扰动成像技术,全面地研究了古新世-始新世交替界面处的(56 Ma)粘土矿物中的磁性颗粒,发现了绝大部分纳米级的磁性颗粒都是分散的单磁畴磁铁矿,最有可能是在撞击尘埃云中快速凝结而成,而非生物成因的趋磁细菌链状磁小体,并以此支持了五千六百万年前古新世-始新世交界时有可能存在大型的彗星撞击地球事件,从一个全新的角度去理解当时的地质历史和全球变化。 [Wang et al., 2013, PNAS, 110, 425-430]

王华沛教授利用最新的基于同步辐射加速器的全景透射X射线三维成像技术,首次通过X射线成像观测到上述粘土矿物中的化石磁铁矿,并且进一步首次定量地研究了生物成因的磁铁矿占粘土中磁铁矿总数的比例,发现了绝大部分纳米级的磁性颗粒都是非生物成因,最有可能是在撞击尘埃云中快速凝结而成,并以此更进一步地支持了古新世-始新世交界时的彗星撞击地球事件,为当时生物灭绝和全球气候急速变暖事件(Paleocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum, PETM)的可能起因。此项研究首次实现了对于宏观样品中包含磁性矿物的分类定量研究,为今后此类需要定量研究磁性矿物的科学问题提供了实验方法以及理论依据。 [Wang et al., 2015, PNAS, 112, 12598-12603]

3)改进了古地磁强度的实验方法,研究了地球磁场强度的演化,并且预测了地磁场近期不会倒转

王华沛教授通过对古地磁场强度Thellier实验方法的研究和改进,发明了一种从包含非理想多磁畴磁性矿物的火成岩样品中获得准确古地磁场强度的实验修正方法,并从加拉帕格斯群岛一处92万年前的熔岩流样品中得到了理想的实验结果。由于包含非理想多磁畴磁性矿物的火成岩样品为地球各地质历史时期记录古地磁场的主要载体,此实验方法为准确地获得各个地质历史时期的地球磁场强度以及研究其长期变化规律提供了有效的实验方法和理论基础,并开始被国内外同行采用。 [Wang and Kent, 2013, G-cubed, 14, 4195-4213; Wang and Kent, 2021, GRL, 48, e2020GL091617]

王华沛教授应用上述古地磁场强度修正的实验方法,从三十余处加拉帕格斯群岛的熔岩流中,首次获得了过去几百万年来地球赤道上的平均古地磁场强度,并首次验证了平均全球古地磁场强度满足偶极子场模型两极和赤道间的2:1关系,同时准确发现了现今的地球磁场强度为过去几百万年来平均值的两倍,并以此指出,虽然现今地球磁场强度快速下降,但在未来几千年内地球磁场也不会减小到其长期的平均值,所以未来不会有迫在眉睫的地磁场倒转风险。此工作使得人类不用再担心地球磁场南北极倒转的近期危害,并得到了国内外同行的关注以及多家新闻媒体的报道,而且在20151124日被设为MIT学校主网站首页和MIT News网站首页。 [Wang et al., 2015, PNAS, 112, 15036-15041]

4)改进了现有古地磁学和岩石磁学相关的仪器设备,并领衔和参与了多个相关科研仪器的研发

王华沛教授在博士后期间,设计了新一代的利用氢气和二氧化碳混合气体的可控氧逸度气体热退磁仪,并获得NASA行星科学主要设备项目资助,已经完成主要部件的制造和加工,目前正在进行这台新一代混合气体热退磁仪的组装和测试。在博士期间,通过同中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所的合作,王华沛教授共同发明了“粉尘沉降实验装置”,用于模拟中国黄土的风成沉积过程与其地磁场记录过程;以及“一种连续温度磁性参数测量系统及测量方法”,用于通过连续加热和测量的方法来快速获得岩石样品中所记录的古磁场的方向和强度信息。这两项发明已获得了国家发明专利2项,国家实用新型专利1项,并得到了国内外同行的关注与好评。 [专利号:ZL 2012 2 0039265.9 ZL 2012 1 0026749.4 ZL 2013 1 0229264.X]

王华沛教授近年来取得了一系列的重要科研成果,同时也获得了国内外学界同行的高度认可,并于2017年受特邀在美国华盛夏威夷顿召开的“GSA(美国地质学会)Cordilleran会议”上作口头报告;2016年受特邀在法国召开的“月球磁学进展会议”上作口头报告;于2015年受特邀在美国旧金山召开的“AGU(美国地球物理学会)秋季会议”上作口头报告;于2012年受特邀在美国华盛顿召开的“USAC(美国科学大洋钻探咨询委员会)夏季会议”上作口头报告。王华沛教授完成会议论文及摘要总共三十余篇,其中共作国际会议口头报告十多次,并多次受邀到国内外大学和科研院所作专题报告,并担任AGU(美国地球物理学会)学术期刊审稿人,以及国内新创办的地球与行星科学英文期刊《Earth and Planetary Physics》编委,有着广泛和良好的国际与国内合作关系,为其开展国际化的科学研究工作奠定了坚实的基础。

 

Peer-Reviewed Journal Publications

14. Wang, H. and D. V. Kent (2021), RESET: A method to monitor thermoremanent alteration in Thellier-series paleointensity experiments, Geophys. Res. Lett., 48, e2020GL091617

13. Zhang, A.-C., N. Kawasaki, M. Kuroda, Y. Li, H.-P. Wang, X.-N. Bai, N. Sakamoto, Naoya; Q.-Z. Yin, H. Yurimoto (2020), Unique angrite-like fragments in a CH3 chondrite reveal a new basaltic planetesimal, Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, 275, 48-63

12. Mighani*, S., H. Wang*, D. L. Shuster, C. S. Borlina, C. I. O. Nichols, B. P. Weiss (2020), The end of the lunar dynamo, Sci. Adv., 6, eaax0883 (*co-first authors)

11. Han, F., J. Sun, H. Qin, H. Wang, Q. Ji, H. He, C. Deng, Y. Pan (2020), Magnetostratigraphy of the Upper Cretaceous and Lower Paleocene terrestrial sequence, Jiaolai Basin, eastern China, Palaeogeogr. Palaeoclimatol. Palaeoecol., 538, 109451

10. Tikoo, S. M., B. P. Weiss, D. L. Shuster, C. Suavet, H. Wang and T. L. Grove (2017), A three-billion-year history for the lunar dynamo, Sci. Adv., 3, e1700207

9.   Kent, D. V., L. Lanci, H. Wang and J. D. Wright (2017), Enhanced magnetization of the Marlboro Clay as a product of impact-induced soil pyrogenesis at the Paleocene-Eocene boundary, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 473, 303-312

8.   Weiss B. P., H. Wang, T. G. Sharp, J. Gattacceca, D. L. Shuster, B. G. Downey, J. Hu, R. R. Fu, A. T. Kuan, C. S. Suavet, A. J. Irving, J. Wang and J. Wang (2017), A Nonmagnetic Differentiated Early Planetary Body, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 468, 119-132

7.   Wang, H., B. P. Weiss, X.-N. Bai, B. G. Downey, J. Wang, J. Wang, C. S. Suavet, R. R. Fu and M. E. Zucolotto (2017), Lifetime of the solar nebula constrained by meteorite paleomagnetism, Science, 355, 623-627

6.   Wang, H., D. V. Kent and P. Rochette (2015), Weaker axially dipolar time-averaged paleomagnetic field based on multidomain-corrected paleointensities from Galapagos lavas, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 112(49), 15036-15041

5.   Wang, H., J. Wang, Y. K. Chen-Wiegart and D. V. Kent (2015), Quantified abundance of magnetofossils at the Paleocene-Eocene boundary from synchrotron-based transmission X-ray microscopy, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 112(41), 12598-12603

4.   Fu, R. R., B. P. Weiss, E. A. Lima, R. J. Harrison, X.-N. Bai, S. J. Desch, D. S. Ebel, C. Suavet,  H. Wang, D. Glenn, D. Le Sage, T. Kasama, R. L. Walsworth, A. T. Kuan (2014), Solar nebula magnetic fields recorded in the Semarkona meteorite, Science, 346, 1089-1092

3.   Wang, H. and D. V. Kent (2013), A Paleointensity Technique for Multidomain Igneous Rocks, Geochem. Geophys. Geosyst., 14, 4195-4213, doi:10.1002/ggge.20248

2.   Wang, H., D. V. Kent and M. J. Jackson (2013), Evidence for abundant isolated magnetic nanoparticles at the Paleocene-Eocene boundary, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 110(2), 425-430

1.   Kent, D. V., H. Wang, and P. Rochette (2010), Equatorial paleosecular variation of the geomagnetic field from 0-3 Ma lavas from the Galapagos Islands, Phys. Earth Planet. Int., 183(34), 404-412

 

Meeting Abstracts and Talks

35. Kent, D. V., L. Lanci, H. Wang and J. D. Wright, Deposition of pyromagnetically-enhanced Marlboro Clay offset from spherule peak at onset of CIE and Paleocene-Eocene boundary at the midshelf Millville core site (NJ Coastal Plain), AGU Fall meeting, New Orleans, LA, U.S.A., December 2017

34. Wang, H. and D. V. Kent, Equatorial Paleointensities from Kenya and the Well-behaved Geocentric Axial Dipole, AGU Fall meeting, New Orleans, LA, U.S.A., December 2017 (invited)

33. Wang, H., B. P. Weiss and J. W. Crowley, Initial 60Fe Abundance in the Solar Nebula Constrained by Delayed Onset of a Planetesimal Dynamo, AGU Fall meeting, New Orleans, LA, U.S.A., December 2017

32. Wang, H. and D. V. Kent, Utilize rock magnetism to better determine paleointensities for Thellier-series experiments, IAPSO-IAMAS-IAGA Joint Assembly, Cape Town, South Africa, August 2017 (invited)

31. Wang, H., B. P. Weiss and J. W. Crowley, Initial iron-60 abundance in the solar nebula constrained by delayed onset of a planetesimal dynamo, IAPSO-IAMAS-IAGA Joint Assembly, Cape Town, South Africa, August 2017

30. Wang, H. and D. V. Kent, Rock magnetic thermal alterations failed to be detected by pTRM checks during Thellier-series paleointensity experiments, International Conference on Rock Magnetism 2017, Utrecht, The Netherlands, July 2017

29. Wang, H. and D. V. Kent, Plio-Pleistocene Equatorial Paleointensities from Kenya, The Geological Society of America, Cordilleran Section 113th Annual Meeting, Honolulu, Hawaii, U.S.A., May 2017 (invited)

28. Wang, H., S. Mighani, B. P. Weiss, D. L. Shuster, K. V. Hodges, lifetime of the lunar dynamo constrained by young apollo returned breccias 15015 and 15465, 48th Lunar and Planetary Science Conference, The Woodlands, TX, U.S.A., March 2017

27. Wang, H. and B. P. Weiss, Lifetime of the Lunar Dynamo Constrained by the Young Apollo Regolith Breccia 15015, AGU Fall meeting, San Francisco, CA, U.S.A., December 2016

26. Kent, D. V., L. Lanci and H. Wang, Enhanced magnetization of the marlboro clay as a product of impact-induced soil pyrogenesis at the paleocene-eocene boundary. GSA Abstracts with Programs Vol. 48, No. 7. 2016

25. Wang, H., B. P. Weiss, X.-N. Bai, B. G. Downey, J. Wang, J. Wang, C. S. Suavet, R. R. Fu and M. E. Zucolotto, Lifetime of the Solar Nebula Constrained by Meteorite Paleomagnetism and delayed onset of a planetesimal dynamo, International Symposium on Lunar and Planetary Science, Wuhan, China, June 2016

24. Wang, H. and B. P. Weiss, Paleomagnetism of young Apollo regolith breccias and the lifetime of the lunar dynamo, Advances in lunar magnetism workshop: from paleomagnetism to dynamos, Cargèse, France, June 2016 (invited)

23. Wang, H., Early solar system paleomagnetism and dynamo calibrated by synchrotron-based full-field transmission X-ray microscopy, The 4th Beijing Earth and Planetary Interiors Symposium (BEPIS), Beijing, China, May 2016

22. Wang, H., Lifetime of the Solar Nebula Constrained by Meteorite Paleomagnetism, Planetary Lunch Colloquium Series (PLCS), Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, U.S.A., April 2016 (invited)

21. Wang, H., B. P. Weiss, B. G. Downey, X.-N. Bai, J. Wang, J. Wang, C. S. Suavet, R. R. Fu, E. A. Lima and M. E. Zucolotto, Timing of Solar Nebula Dispersal Constrained by Early Solar System Paleomagnetism, AGU Fall meeting, San Francisco, CA, U.S.A., December 2015 (invited)

20. Wang, H. and D. V. Kent, In Search of the Full-Vector Paleomagnetic Dipole: Multidomain-Corrected Paleointensities of Kenya Lavas from the Equator, AGU Fall meeting, San Francisco, CA, U.S.A., December 2015

19. Wang, H., B. P. Weiss, B. G. Downey, J. Wang, Y. K. Chen-Wiegart, J. Wang, C. S. Suavet, R. R. Fu, E. A. Lima and M. E. Zucolotto, Onset of a planetesimal dynamo and the lifetime of the solar nebular magnetic field, 46th Lunar and Planetary Science Conference, The Woodlands, TX, U.S.A., March 2015

18. Wang. J., H. Wang, D. V. Kent and Y. K. Chen-Wiegart, Quantification of biogenic magnetite by synchrotron X-ray microscopy during the PETM, AGU Fall meeting, San Francisco, CA, U.S.A., December 2014

17. Weiss, B. P., H. Wang, B. G. Downey, D. L. Shuster, J. Gattacceca, T. G. Sharp, R. R. Fu, A. T. Kuan, C. S. Suavet and A. J. Irving, An unmagnetized early planetary body, AGU Fall meeting, San Francisco, CA, U.S.A., December 2014

16. Wang, H., B. P. Weiss, J. Wang, Y. K. Chen-Wiegart, B. G. Downey, C. S. Suavet, E. A. Lima and M. E. Zucolotto, Onset of a planetesimal dynamo, AGU Fall meeting, San Francisco, CA, U.S.A., December 2014

15. Schnepf, N., B. P. Weiss, E. A. Lima, R. R. Fu, M. Uehara, J. Gattacceca, H. Wang and C. S. Suavet, Paleomagnetism of a primitive achondrite parent body: The acapulcoite-lodranites, AGU Fall meeting, San Francisco, CA, U.S.A., December 2014

14. Fu, R. R., B. P. Weiss, E. A. Lima, R. Harrison, X. Bai, D. Ebel, C. S. Suavet and H. Wang, Nebular paleomagnetism, AGU Fall meeting, San Francisco, CA, U.S.A., December 2014

13. Suavet, C. R., B. P. Weiss, E. A. Lima, S. M. Tikoo, J. F. Araujo, R. R. Fu, H. Wang, J. Wang, Y. K. Chen-Wiegart, T. L. Grove, Thellier-Thellier paleointensity of the lunar core dynamo, AGU Fall meeting, San Francisco, CA, U.S.A., December 2014

12. Wang, H. and D. V. Kent, Absolute paleointensity results from the Equator and the Pliocene-Pleistocene dipole field, AGU Fall meeting, San Francisco, CA, U.S.A., December 2013

11. Wang, H., D. V. Kent and M. J. Jackson, Evidence for Abundant Isolated Magnetic Nanoparticles at the Paleocene-Eocene Boundary, AGU Fall meeting, San Francisco, CA, U.S.A., December 2012

10. Wang, H., Paleomagnetic Inclination Flattening Correction for Ocean Drilling Cores ODP Sites 1179 and 884, U.S. Advisory Committee for Scientific Ocean Drilling, summer meeting, Washington DC, U.S.A., June 2012 (invited)

9.   Kent, D. V., H. Wang and P. E. Olson, Correlation of Extrusive Units of North Mountain Basalt and Central High Atlas CAMP Lavas using Geomagnetic Paleosecular Variation, GSA NE Section 47th Annual Meeting, Hartford, CT, U.S.A., March, 2012

8.   Wang, H., D. V. Kent, Paleointensities with Arai Signature Corrections for Multi-Domain Lavas from Galapagos, AGU Fall meeting, San Francisco, CA, U.S.A., December 2011

7.   Wang, H., D. V. Kent, Arai Signature Ratio Correction Technique for Prevalent Multi-Domain Bias of Paleointensity, MagIC Science & Database workshop, San Diego, CA, U.S.A., September 2011

6.   Wang, H., D. V. Kent, An Integrated Thellier Experiment on Lava Samples to Test Protocols and the Distribution of Paleointensities, AGU Fall meeting, San Francisco, CA, U.S.A., December 2010

5.   Wang, H., How to Get Reliable Geomagntic Paleointensities Efficiently, Dept. Earth & Planetary Sci. Colloquium, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, U.S.A., December 2010 (invited)

4.   Kent, D. V., H. Wang, and P. Rochette, Equatorial Paleosecular Variation of the Geomagnetic Field From 0-3 Ma Lavas From the Galapagos Islands, AGU Fall meeting, San Francisco, CA, U.S.A., December 2010

3.   Wang, H., D. V. Kent and P. Rochette, Paleointensities from Galapagos Lavas Estimated by an Integrated Thellier Series Protocol, Beijing Earth and Planetary Interior Symposium, Beijing, P. R. China, July 2010

2.   Kent, D. V., H. Wang and P. E. Olson, Chron E23r, paleosecuar variation, CAMP volcanism and the end-Triassic extinction event, AGU Fall meeting, San Francisco, CA, U.S.A., December 2009

1.   Wang, H., R. Zhu, Y. J. Chen and W. J. Morgan, Correlation between Hotspot Activity and Geomagnetic Paleointensity. AGU Western Pacific Geophysics Meeting, Eos Trans. AGU, 87(36), West. Pac. Geophys. Meet. Suppl., Abstract U44B-05, Beijing, P. R. China, July 2006

 

 

 



  • 教育经历Education Background
  • 工作经历Work Experience
  • 研究方向Research Focus
  • 社会兼职Social Affiliations
  • 古地磁学:
    古磁场强度,岩石磁学,磁性显微学,相关仪器研发

    行星古地磁学:
    月球和陨石古地磁学,太阳系早期磁场演化,行星磁场发电机过程,星子体分异过程
    2017.6 至今
    • 《Earth and Planetary Physics》编委

团队介绍Research Group

古地磁与行星磁学实验室

马义眀,特任教授:
韩非,博士后:
曹婷,博士研究生:
。。。